# Hillside Office Solar — build plan

**Updated:** 2026-10-22 · 12 V off-grid system for the home office, panel on the 45° slope next to the house.
**Companion page:** `solar-build.html`, a local page with a PT-BR / EN switch (open it in any browser; ticks and typed values are saved in that browser). Same content as an interactive checklist: parts, phases, first power-up order, controller settings, energy budget, verify-on-arrival fields.
**Installer brief:** `solar-resumo.html`, a simplified graphical summary for the installers (PT-BR / EN): equipment by model, what is missing, wiring schematic, power-up order, open points. Its status list is a `STATUS` map at the top of its script.
**Versão em português:** `solar-system.pt-BR.md` (same content).
**Numbers:** from the manufacturers' datasheets and manuals (links in section 13), not from listings. Values the documents do not settle are marked *measure*.

## 1. The system in one line

Helius 630 W bifacial → DC breaker 2P 25 A → PowMr POW-M60-PRO MPPT 60 A → 60 A breaker (+ only) → Felicity FLA12280 12.8 V 280 Ah LiFePO4 → MEGA 100 A fuse (+ only) → Knup KP-584 1000 W pure sine → surge-protected power strip → MacBook Pro, Starlink Mini, Dell 27", Makita charger.

Decisions already made in the Gemini conversation (kept as-is):

- 12 V bank. Felicity documents parallel only (up to 16 packs); treat series as unsupported.
- One 630 W panel is the ceiling: the controller's 12 V PV window is 20–80 V and 720 W. A second panel means a separate system.
- Provisional setup indoors first (everything except the panel). Inverter switched off at night; both breakers stay armed.
- Panel on treated eucalyptus posts on the slope, facing geographic north, ~20° tilt, bolted through the factory holes only. Update 2026-10-22: the final spot, direction and tilt are the installer's call, from their experience in the region; this is the starting proposal.
- Indoor end of the 10 m solar extension: cut the MC4 plug off and clamp bare wire into the breaker (no adaptors).
- Later: electronics in an IP65 box under the house, battery outside the box on a block, filtered fans.
- The old Tech One 500/1000 W modified-sine inverter is never used for the MacBook, Starlink or monitor.

## 2. Wiring diagram (definitive)

```
ON THE HILL
[ Helius HMB132T12R-630CB · 630 W bifacial ]  Voc 48.9 V · Isc 16.3 A · Imp 15.6 A · 2384 × 1134 mm · 33 kg
      │ │      leads 4 mm² × 35 cm · + female / − male MC4 (confirm with the meter)
      │ │      frame grounding holes (if the frame is metal) ──≥ 4 mm² green, M5 stainless──► 2.4 m copper rod
      │ │  6 mm² solar cable (UV), red + black, ≤ 10 m, MC4 clicked at the panel, joints tied to the frame
      │ │  indoor end: cut the plug, strip 10 mm, bare wire into the breaker
INDOORS (provisional: inside the house)
[ DC breaker 2P 25 A 1000 V ]  both poles · DIN · polarized: + / − marked on top, LINE (top) → LOAD (bottom)
      │ │  6 mm² offcut, 30–50 cm, bare / ferrule both ends
[ PowMr POW-M60-PRO ]  PV IN ↑ 20–80 V, ≤ 720 W at 12 V · BAT ↓ 60 A · no fan · ≈ 1 W idle · load port 6 A (never the inverter)
      │ │      battery FIRST, PV only after the screen shows 12 V · vertical, terminals down, 75 mm clear, not above the battery
      │ │  16 mm² flexible, ≤ 1.5 m, ≈ 45–50 A at midday
      ┴    60 A breaker on the + cable only (Fame FNH is AC-only; fits DIN; swap for a DC-rated 63 A when you can)
      │ │  lug at the battery, bare / ferrule at the controller
[ Felicity FLA12280 · 12.8 V 280 Ah ]  3.6 kWh · 26 kg · − left, + right · own on/off + breaker + fuse · charge 14.4 V · ≤ 150 A · stud size: measure
      │ │  battery + → fuse holder: 16 mm² 30 cm jumper (have), lugs both ends
      ┴    MEGA 100 A fuse on the + cable only, ≤ 30 cm from the stud
      │ │  fuse → inverter + and battery − → inverter −: the lugged cables that came with the Knup (measure gauge)
[ Knup KP-584 (110 V) / KP-584A (220 V) ]  1000 W · 2000 W peak · 60 Hz · cut-off 10 V · OVP 14.8 ± 0.5 V · fan · OFF at night
      │    AC · PP 2 × 2.5 mm² (3 × 2.5 with earth) to the desk
[ Surge-protected power strip ]  MacBook · Starlink Mini · Dell 27" · Makita charger ≈ 60 W
```

## 3. Cables and terminations

| Segment | Cable | Length | Ends | Protection | Max current | Voltage drop |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Panel → PV breaker | 6 mm² solar (UV), red + black | ≤ 10 m | MC4 at the panel · bare into breaker | 2P DC 25 A (panel max series fuse 30 A) | 15.6 A (Isc 16.3 A) | ≈ 1.0 V (2.4 %) |
| PV breaker → controller PV | 6 mm² offcut | 30–50 cm | bare / ferrule | — | 15.6 A | — |
| Controller BAT → battery | 16 mm² flexible | ≤ 1.5 m | bare/ferrule at controller · lug at battery | 60 A on + | ~50 A | ≈ 0.2 V |
| Battery + → fuse holder | 16 mm² jumper (have) | 30 cm | lugs both ends | MEGA 100 A | up to 85 A briefly | ≈ 0.03 V |
| Fuse → inverter +, battery − → inverter − | Knup lugged cables (have; measure gauge) | as shipped | lugs both ends | — | up to 85 A (1000 W) | ≈ 0.06 V if 25 mm² |
| Inverter → desk | PP 2 × 2.5 mm² (3 × 2.5 with earth) | as needed | plug · wall outlet / strip | inverter's own | ≤ 9 A at 110 V | — |
| Panel frame → rod | ≥ 4 mm² green (6 mm² fine) | as needed | M5 stainless at the frame · clamp at rod | — | — | — |

Terminal rules: ring lugs (olhal) only on threaded studs (battery, inverter, fuse holder). Bare wire or a ferrule (ilhós) only in clamp terminals (breakers, controller). Never bare wire wrapped around a stud, never alligator clips.

## 4. Parts: bought / received / to buy

Mercado Livre search terms are in `code`. "Now" = needed before the first power-up.

### Core equipment

| Item | Role | Bought | Received | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Painel Helius C.Black Tech 630 W bifacial (HMB132T12R-630CB) | PV generation | Yes | Yes | 630 W · Voc 48.9 V · Isc 16.3 A · 2384 × 1134 × 30 mm · 33.3 kg. Leads 4 mm² × 35 cm (confirm). Frame listed as "black composite": check if it is metal. |
| PowMr POW-M60-PRO MPPT 60 A (12/24/36/48 V) | Charge controller | Yes | Yes | PV 20–80 V and ≤ 720 W at 12 V · no fan · 0.7–1.2 W idle · IP32 · ambient ≤ 45 °C. Battery first, never PV alone. Load port 6 A: never the inverter. |
| Bateria Felicity FLA12280 12.8 V 280 Ah LiFePO4 | Storage | Yes | Yes | 3.6 kWh · 26 kg · 379 × 241 × 286 mm · ≤ 150 A · charge 14.4 V · cut-off 12 V. Own on/off, breaker and fuse. Stud size: *measure*. |
| Inversor Knup KP-584 / KP-584A 1000 W 12 V pure sine + USB | DC → AC | Yes | Yes | 1000 W · 2000 W peak · cut-off 10 V · OVP 14.8 ± 0.5 V. KP-584 = 110 V, KP-584A = 220 V: read the label. Ships with two lugged cables: *measure* gauge, length, lug hole. |

### Protection

| Item | Role | Bought | Received | Notes / search |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Disjuntor DC bipolar 25 A 1000 V | PV disconnect, both poles | Yes | Yes | DIN · 6 kA · polarized: + / − marked on the top terminals, LINE top → LOAD bottom. |
| Disjuntor Fame NEMA FNH unipolar 60 A | Controller → battery, + cable | Yes | Yes | **Flag:** AC thermomagnetic (240 V~), no DC rating from Fame. Clips onto DIN rail. Works at 12 V as a disconnect and overload trip; a DC-rated 63 A is the right part. Keep as spare. |
| Disjuntor DC 63 A DIN (rated ≥ 60 V DC) | Recommended replacement | No | No | Now (recommended) · `disjuntor dc 63a din` |
| Porta-fusível MEGA + fusível MEGA 100 A (+1 spare) | Battery → inverter, + cable | No | No | Now · `porta fusivel mega automotivo 100a` |
| Quadro de sobrepor DIN 4–6 módulos | Houses both breakers and later the DPS | No | No | Now · `quadro sobrepor 4 disjuntores din` |
| DPS DC 600 V 2P fotovoltaico | Surge protection, tied to the rod | No | No | Before the panel goes up (recommended) · `dps dc 600v fotovoltaico` |

### Cables and terminals

| Item | Role | Bought | Received | Notes / search |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Extensão cabo solar 6 mm² 10 m MC4 (vermelho + preto) | Panel → breaker | No | No | Now · `extensao cabo solar 6mm 10 metros mc4` · one male and one female end per cable, so one end always fits the panel; ordering before the panel arrives is safe. Offcut becomes the breaker → controller jumpers. |
| Cabo solar 6 mm² avulso (2 m + 2 m) | Breaker → controller jumpers | No | No | Only if the 10 m run leaves no offcut · `cabo solar 6mm por metro` |
| Cabo 16 mm² 1–1,5 m, olhal em uma ponta (vermelho + preto) | Controller → battery | No | No | Now · `cabo bateria 16mm terminal olhal m8 1,5 metro` · measure the studs before choosing the lug hole |
| Kit 2 cabos jumper 16 mm² 30 cm | Battery + → fuse holder link | Yes | Yes | Lug hole not published: *measure*. Too short and wrong-ended for the controller run. Fine at real loads; a 25 mm² link if the inverter ever runs 1000 W for long. |
| Terminais tubulares (ilhós) 6 mm² e 16 mm² + alicate | Clean ends in clamp terminals | No | No | Optional · `terminal tubular ilhos 6mm` |
| Cabo PP 2 × 2,5 mm² + plugue 2P+T + filtro de linha com DPS | Inverter → desk | No | No | Now · `cabo pp 2x2.5mm` · strip rated for the inverter's voltage |

### Grounding

| Item | Role | Bought | Received | Notes / search |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Haste cobreada 2,40 m 5/8" + conector | Earth for the frame bond and the DPS | No | No | Before the panel goes up · `haste aterramento 2,40 5/8 com conector` |
| Cabo 6 mm² verde + olhal + parafuso inox M5 com arruelas | Frame grounding holes → rod (if the frame is metal) | No | No | Helius manual: ≥ 4 mm², M5 stainless, 3–7 N·m · `cabo flexivel 6mm verde` |

### Structure (posts on the slope)

| Item | Role | Bought | Received | Notes / search |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Moirões de eucalipto tratado (autoclave) × 4 | 2 front shorter, 2 rear longer; 80–100 cm buried | No | No | Ø ≥ 12 cm · `moirao eucalipto tratado` |
| Caibros/vigas tratadas: 2 rails + 2 diagonals | Rails carry the panel through its factory holes; X-bracing stops racking | No | No | Landscape: 2 rails ≥ 2.5 m, 1093 mm apart (hole rows). Portrait: 2 crossbars ≥ 1.3 m, 1.1–1.4 m apart. ≥ 100 mm behind the panel. |
| Cimento, areia, brita | 4 footings ~30 × 30 × 90 cm | No | No | ≈ 2 sacks of cement |
| Tinta asfáltica (Neutrol / Vedacit) | Seal the buried wood | No | No | `tinta asfaltica neutrol` |
| Parafusos M8 inox + arruelas lisa e de pressão + porcas | Panel → rails through the Ø 9 mm factory holes | No | No | 15–20 N·m · ≥ 4 fixing points, 8 in a windy spot · `parafuso sextavado m8 inox` |
| Parafusos passantes M10 + arruelas | Rail-to-post and diagonal joints | No | No | 8–12 |
| Eletroduto corrugado PEAD 25/32 mm + abraçadeiras nylon UV | Protect the 6 mm² run; tie the MC4 joints under the panel | No | No | `eletroduto corrugado pead 32mm` |

### Tools and workshop

| Item | Role | Bought | Received | Notes / search |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Multímetro digital (DC V / A) | Polarity, battery voltage, panel Voc | No | No | `multimetro digital` |
| Chave 13 mm, chaves de fenda/phillips, alicate de corte e desencapador, trena, nível, cavadeira | Assembly and structure (torque wrench helps for 15–20 N·m) | — | — | |
| Placa de compensado 15–18 mm (~60 × 80 cm) + bloco para a bateria | Vertical board for controller, inverter, DIN box | No | No | Battery not under the controller |

### Later (permanent home under the house)

| Item | Role | Bought | Received | Notes / search |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quadro de comando IP65 500 × 400 × 200 com placa de montagem | Electronics enclosure | No | No | Cemar Legrand CCP504020OP · Neobox 500x400x200 · Rohdbox 450x300x200 |
| 2 × cooler 12 V 120 mm + espuma filtro + grelhas + sílica gel | Filtered air in low, out high (controller ambient ≤ 45 °C) | No | No | |
| Tomada de sobrepor 2P+T no escritório | End of the PP run | No | No | |

### Optional efficiency

| Item | Role | Bought | Received | Notes / search |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Painel 12 V com USB-C PD 100 W / USB-A + porta-fusível 20 A | Phones, MacBook and Starlink Mini straight from 12 V | No | No | `tomada usb c pd 100w 12v painel` |
| Cabo DC / USB-C PD para Starlink Mini | Starlink from 12 V, inverter off | No | No | |

Also on hand: Tech One 500/1000 W modified-sine inverter (lights and emergencies only), the loads (MacBook Pro, Starlink Mini, Dell 27", Makita 18 V charger).

## 5. Plan by phase

### Phase 0 — while the panel and controller are in transit (this week)

- [ ] Unbox and inspect everything that arrived. Keep boxes and invoices (7-day return window on Mercado Livre).
- [ ] Battery: press its on/off, read the LCD, check with the meter. Expect 13.0–13.4 V. Under 12.0 V, plan to charge soon.
- [ ] Inverter: read the label (110 V or 220 V). Measure the two cables it came with: gauge, length, lug hole.
- [ ] Measure the battery studs and the lug holes on the 16 mm² jumpers. Everything on the studs must slide on without force.
- [ ] Read the Felicity guide (14.4 V charge, 12 V cut-off, ≤ 150 A). Confirm the numbers in section 8.
- [ ] Choose the indoor spot: battery on the floor on a block (26 kg); plywood board on the wall for the controller (vertical, terminals down, 75 mm clear, not above the battery) and the inverter (its fan is the only noise; the controller is silent).
- [ ] Order the "Now" parts. Order the grounding parts. Buy the structure materials.
- [ ] Stake out the panel spot: facing geographic north (phone compass set to true north), unshaded 9h–15h, cable run under 10 m to the controller.
- [ ] Dig four holes 80–100 cm deep. Paint the buried wood with asphalt paint. Set the posts plumb, pour concrete.
- [ ] Let the concrete cure at least 7 days before loading the structure.
- [ ] Build the rails at ~20° tilt (10–75° allowed; ~latitude is best) with X-bracing between the posts. Leave ≥ 100 mm behind the panel and keep the back open: a bifacial panel wants light behind it.
- [ ] Drive the ground rod next to the structure.

### Phase 1 — deliveries arrive

- [ ] Panel: inspect glass, frame corners, junction box and leads. Count the mounting holes and measure their spacing (the aluminium sibling has 12 × Ø 9 mm, rows 1093 mm apart, holes at ±200, ±550, ±700 mm from the centre of each long side). Note whether the frame is metal and where the grounding holes are marked.
- [ ] Panel test in sun: meter on DC V across the two MC4 pins. Expect 40–49 V open circuit, red lead on the + (female) side. Fingers off the metal.
- [ ] Controller: unbox, confirm the model (POW-M60-PRO) and the 20–80 V / 720 W line on the label. Do not connect anything yet.
- [ ] Measure the real cable route (buried in conduit or along the wall). Order the 10 m extension if not yet ordered.

### Phase 2 — mount the panel on the hill (calm day, two people)

- [ ] Pick a calm day. Two people. The panel is a 33 kg sail.
- [ ] Cover the glass with cardboard or a blanket while handling: no light, no voltage, no arcs.
- [ ] M8 stainless bolts through the factory holes with flat and spring washers, 15–20 N·m, at least 4 fixing points. Never drill the frame; it voids the warranty.
- [ ] If the frame is metal, bond it at the marked grounding holes (M5 stainless, ≥ 4 mm² green) to the rod.
- [ ] Click the extension onto the 35 cm leads, tie the MC4 joints to the frame, route the pair in conduit under the panel so nothing rubs. Leave a drip loop before the wall entry.
- [ ] Leave the indoor end unconnected and taped. PV breaker stays OFF.

### Phase 3 — bench assembly indoors (everything OFF)

- [ ] Start with everything open: battery switched off at its own button, PV breaker OFF, 60 A breaker OFF, inverter switch OFF, MEGA fuse out of its holder.
- [ ] Mount the DIN box, controller and inverter vertically on the board. Battery on its block, studs reachable, not under the controller.
- [ ] Controller ↔ battery: red 16 mm² from controller BAT+ to the 60 A breaker (cut the red cable where the breaker sits, bare ends in its cage terminals), then to battery +. Black 16 mm² controller BAT− → battery −. Lugs on the studs, bare or ferrule at the controller.
- [ ] Battery ↔ inverter: black Knup cable battery − → inverter −. Red: battery + → MEGA holder (30 cm jumper) → Knup red cable → inverter +. Fuse still out.
- [ ] PV: red from the panel → breaker top terminal marked +; black → breaker top terminal marked −. Breaker bottom → 6 mm² jumpers → controller PV+ / PV−.
- [ ] Meter before tightening: battery ≈ 13 V with red on +; PV breaker input 40–49 V with red on + (in sun).
- [ ] Tighten every stud nut firmly with the 13 mm wrench. Tug-test every clamp terminal.

### Phase 4 — first power-up: see section 6

### Phase 5 — daily operation

- Night: inverter switch OFF. Both breakers stay armed so the controller never sees PV without a battery.
- Morning: inverter ON.
- Weekly: touch-test terminals after a heavy load (warm OK, hot not), wipe the panel, check the controller's kWh log.
- After the first week: re-tighten the stud nuts.

### Phase 6 — permanent home under the house (later)

- IP65 box 500 × 400 × 200 for controller, inverter and DIN box; battery outside the box on a block, dry.
- Filtered fans: air in low on one side, out high on the other. Silica gel inside. Dielectric grease on the battery studs. The controller is rated for ambient ≤ 45 °C.
- PP 2 × 2.5 mm² from the inverter to a wall outlet in the office. Surge-protected strip on the desk.
- DPS DC in the DIN box, tied to the ground rod.

## 6. First power-up order (the rule that saves the controller)

1. Battery ON at its own button. Close the 60 A breaker. The controller screen lights and shows a 12 V system.
2. Set the USER profile: boost 14.4 V, float 13.8 V, reconnect 12.6 V, disconnect 11.5 V (section 8).
3. Close the PV breaker in daylight. PV voltage and charging current appear; battery current is positive.
4. Seat the MEGA fuse (a small spark is normal: inverter capacitors). Inverter ON with nothing plugged in. Measure the outlet: 110/127 V or 220 V.
5. Plug the power strip. Add loads one at a time: Starlink → MacBook → monitor. Watch the controller current and the inverter fan.
6. Run a full day. Midday charge current should be 35–50 A in strong sun; the battery reaches 14.4 V, then floats at 13.8 V. If the inverter alarms over-voltage near 14.4 V, set boost to 14.2 V.
7. After a week: re-tighten the stud nuts and touch-test the terminals after a heavy load.

Shutdown for maintenance: inverter OFF → PV breaker OFF → 60 A breaker OFF → battery button. Startup is the reverse. Every night, only the inverter switch.

## 7. Golden rules

1. **Battery first, panel last.** PV into a controller with no battery destroys the controller (the PowMr manual says it in capitals). Shutdown is the reverse.
2. **Never open an MC4 in the sun.** 49 V DC arcs. Open the PV breaker or cover the glass first.
3. **Breakers stay armed at night.** The inverter switch is the only daily on/off.
4. Lugs on studs, bare wire or ferrules in clamp terminals. No wrapped wire, no alligator clips.
5. Red = +, black = −. Measure polarity before tightening anything. The PV breaker is polarized.
6. Short and thick: inverter cables as short as the Knup ones allow; 16 mm² to the controller, ≤ 1.5 m.
7. Fuse on the battery positive, within 30 cm of the stud.
8. Controller vertical, terminals down, 75 mm clear on all sides, never above the battery. Inverter upright with room for its fan.
9. Two people carry the panel. No wind. Glass covered. Bolts at 15–20 N·m through the factory holes.
10. Ground before the first sunny day: rod in, frame bonded if it is metal, DPS tied to the rod when added.

## 8. Controller settings — USER profile (LiFePO4 12 V)

The PowMr lithium preset L04 boosts to 14.5 V, above the 14.4 V maximum in the Felicity guide, so use USER. PowMr enforces boost > float > reconnect > disconnect.

| Setting | Value | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Battery type | USER | L04 preset = 14.5 / 13.8 / 11.2 / 12.0 V |
| System voltage | 12 V, set manually | Don't rely on auto-detect with lithium |
| Boost / absorb voltage | 14.4 V | Felicity's max charging voltage; 14.2 V if the Knup alarms over-voltage |
| Boost duration | 30 min | Fixed in PowMr's 3-stage algorithm |
| Float voltage | 13.8 V | PowMr's lithium default; Felicity lists 14.4 V, 13.8 V is gentler and still full |
| Low-voltage reconnect | 12.6 V | Load port only |
| Low-voltage disconnect | 11.5 V | Load port only; Felicity's recommended cut-off is 12 V; the BMS protects the pack |
| Max charge current | 60 A | Battery accepts ≤ 150 A |
| Equalization | none | Not offered in USER; never for LiFePO4 |
| Temperature compensation | none | No external probe on this model; no lithium charging below 0 °C |
| Battery capacity | 280 Ah | For the SOC estimate, if asked |

## 9. Verify when the boxes arrive

- Panel: Voc / Isc on the label; frame material (metal or composite); mounting holes count and spacing; MC4 genders; lead length.
- Controller: PV window and max power on the label; max wire the BAT terminals accept (16 mm² must fit).
- Battery: stud thread size; voltage and SOC on arrival.
- Inverter: output voltage on the label; cable gauge, length and lug hole; idle draw (inverter on, no load, read the controller's amps).
- Jumpers: lug hole.
- Site: cable run panel → controller (m); latitude and tilt built (°).

## 10. Energy budget (typical day, rough)

| Item | W | h/day | Wh |
|---|---|---|---|
| Starlink Mini | 30 | 10 | 300 |
| MacBook Pro | 45 | 10 | 450 |
| Dell 27" monitor | 25 | 8 | 200 |
| Makita charger | 60 | 1 | 60 |
| Phones, headset, speaker | 15 | 8 | 120 |
| Inverter standby | 12 | 12 | 144 |
| **Daily use** | | | **≈ 1,270 Wh** |

Daily yield: 630 W × 4.5 peak-sun-hours × 0.75 derate ≈ 2,100 Wh (Brazil runs 4.2–5.8 PSH by state; bifacial rear gain not counted; the controller caps PV at 720 W anyway). Usable battery: 3,600 × 0.9 ≈ 3,240 Wh → ≈ 2.5 workdays with no sun, ≈ 17 h with everything on at once (~190 W). The interactive page lets you edit every number.

## 11. Future expansion (constraints to remember)

- More storage: only identical Felicity 12 V packs in parallel (up to 16). Series is not documented; treat it as unsupported.
- More panels at 12 V: no. The controller's 12 V window is 20–80 V and 720 W; a second 630 W panel in series (98 V) or in parallel (1260 W) is out of range. A second panel means a separate system.
- Fridge / freezer: separate 24/48 V system, or an inverter-compressor fridge. Not on the Knup 1000 W.
- Skip the inverter for small loads: a fused 12 V USB-C PD panel runs phones, the MacBook and the Starlink Mini directly.
- Tech One modified-sine: lights and emergencies only.

## 12. Flags and open questions

1. **Fame FNH NEMA 60 A breaker:** AC-only rating (240 V~), no DC figure anywhere in Fame's literature. It does clip onto DIN rail. At 12 V it works as a disconnect and overload trip; a DC-rated 63 A DIN breaker is the right part. Return window: 7 days.
2. **Knup over-voltage cut-out 14.8 ± 0.5 V:** charging at 14.4 V may trip it at midday. If it alarms, set boost to 14.2 V. Also confirm the SKU: KP-584 is 110 V, KP-584A is 220 V.
3. **Panel leads are only 35 cm (4 mm²):** the MC4 joints sit right under the panel; tie them to the frame. The CB frame is listed as "black composite": if it is not metal there is nothing to bond and the rod serves only the DPS.
4. **Battery studs and jumper lug holes:** not published. Measure both before buying M8 lugs.
5. **Controller PV cap 720 W at 12 V:** the panel is 630 W nominal; bifacial rear gain on a hillside is small (light ground helps, but do not add reflectors). The controller simply clips at 60 A.
6. **16 mm² jumpers (30 cm):** battery + → MEGA holder link. Fine at real loads (10–25 A); a 25 mm² link if the inverter ever runs near 1000 W for long. They do not replace the 1–1.5 m controller cables.

## 13. Sources

- Helius HMB132T12R-630CB datasheet: https://he-solar.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/English_Datasheet-HMB132T12R-CB.pdf
- Helius installation manual (mounting, torque, grounding): https://cdn2.cardume.digital/public/sites/sunodistribuidora/files/posts/312/manual-hmb132t12r-610hl-bifacial-n-type-610wppdf-6909ebc6299b3.pdf
- PowMr POW-M60-PRO manual: https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/0746/0415/1079/files/POW-M60-PRO_User_Manual_V1.4.0327.pdf
- Felicity FLA12280-EU user guide: https://doc.felicitysolar.com/manual/Lithium-battery/FLA12280-EU/FLA12280-EU%20User%20Guide%20-%20EN.pdf
- Knup KP-584 (110 V) / KP-584A (220 V): https://www.dgtec.com.br/energia-solar/inversor-off-grid/inversor-onda-senoidal/inversor-1000w-12v-110v-onda-senoidal-pura-kp-584-knup
- Fame FNH catalogue: https://api.fame.com.br/uploads/disjuntor_nema_fnh_2019_3f91ed056c.pdf
- Peak sun hours by state (INPE atlas, secondary): https://www.custosolar.com/blog/irradiacao-solar-por-estado/